What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

The United States Congress is a bicameral legislature, meaning it consists of two separate chambers: the House of Representatives and the Senate. Each chamber has distinct responsibilities and powers defined by the U.S. Constitution.

The House of Representatives is comprised of members who are elected every two years, with the total number of representatives determined by the population of each state. This chamber is primarily responsible for initiating revenue bills and has the exclusive power to impeach federal officials.

The Senate, on the other hand, consists of two senators from each state, serving six-year terms. The Senate plays a critical role in approving treaties and confirming presidential appointments, which reflects the larger role it plays in maintaining a check on the executive branch.

Other options refer to legislative bodies that are not part of the U.S. government system. The House of Commons and the House of Lords are part of the United Kingdom's Parliament, while the National Assembly is a term used in various countries and does not apply to the U.S. Congress. Thus, the identification of the Congress's two parts as the House of Representatives and the Senate is both constitutionally accurate and essential for understanding the framework of American government.