Which document serves as the foundation for American democracy?

The Constitution serves as the foundation for American democracy as it establishes the framework for the government and outlines the rights and responsibilities of both the government and the citizens. Ratified in 1788, the Constitution set forth the principles of federalism and separation of powers, which are critical to the functioning of the United States government. It defines the structure of the federal government, including the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, and enumerates the powers of each.

While the Declaration of Independence articulates the philosophical justifications for independence from British rule and the inherent rights of individuals, it does not establish the actual governing framework that guides the nation. The Bill of Rights complements the Constitution by specifically enumerating the rights of individuals, but it is the Constitution itself that serves as the principal document anchoring the principles of American democracy. The Magna Carta, on the other hand, is a historical document that influenced the development of democracy by limiting the powers of the monarchy and advocating for certain legal rights, but it is not foundational to American governance. Thus, the Constitution is pivotal in defining American democracy and remains the supreme law of the land.