Who has the power to declare war according to the Constitution?

The Constitution grants the power to declare war to Congress, specifically in Article I, Section 8. This clause underscores the principle of checks and balances within the federal government, dividing responsibilities between different branches. Congress has the authority to legislate and manage matters of war and military engagement, reflecting the framers' intention to prevent any single individual from wielding excessive power in matters of national security. While the President serves as Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces and can direct military operations, the formal declaration of war must originate from Congress. This ensures democratic oversight and control when it comes to engaging in warfare, maintaining accountability to the nation’s citizens.